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WHAT IS NUTRITION?

The word 'Nutrition" comes from a Latin word which means to 'nourish" or to "to feed".
Nutrition covers many areas including:

the science of food
why people choose certain foods
what foods are made of
the nutrients in foods
how the body uses food
food digestion
food functions

The first thing that should affect our food choice is a knowledge of nutrition. We should know what is available and acceptable, so that we can make the right choices for good health. Let us take a closer look at how we should choose the food we eat.

The Diet Pyramid model for selecting a healthy diet

Plenty of -- fruits, vegetables, bread and cereals
Moderate amounts of -- lean meat and fish, milk, cheese and yoghurt, eggs, nuts
Only a little of -- vegetable oils, butter, margarine, fried foods, pastries, biscuits, roti canai, friend noodles, salty snack foods, potato chips, french fries, sweets, chocolates, ice-cream, cream, condesed milk, coconut milk, soft drinks

Scroll down for a Nutritional chart for your reference and knowledge


Nutritional Chart


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NUTRIENTS

FUNCTIONS

SOURCES

PROTEIN

Facilitates growth & repair of all tissues.
Aids in blood formation & production of antibodies against infection
Poultry, meat, fish
eggs, milk & milk products
peas, soya beans, dried beans and nuts

FAT

Keeps the body warm and acts as an insulator. Provides energy for movement Butter, margarine, cream, nuts

CARBOHYDRATE

Provides energy for movement Rice, bread, cereals, noodles, potatoes, confectionary products

CALCIUM

Aids in building and strengthening of bones and teeth, clotting of blood and coordination of muscles and nerves Milk, eggs & cheese, dark green leafy vegetables, mustard green, kale

IRON

Work with protein in the formation of haemoglobin Red lean meat, lamb, beef, liver, heart, eggs sardines, green leafy vegetables, prunes and fortified cereals & bread

IODINE

Aids in utilisation of energy by the body Seafood & seaweed

MAGNESIUM

Assists in breakdown and absorption of food especially protein. Normal functioning of nervous and muscular systems Milk, marmite, nuts, whole-grain cereals, dark green vegetables

PHOSPHOROUS

Works with calcium to build strong bones and teeth. Helps in metabolism Almost all foods

POTASSIUM

Potassium and sodium in balance are essential to life. Between them they help maintain and regulate the body fluids All food, especially vegetables

SODIUM

Maintaining water balance of the body fluids essential for muscle and nerve activities Table salt, all cured meat, milk, bread, butter

VITAMIN A

Maintains healthy skin, keeps mucous membranes firm. Protects against infection and sunburn. Promotes good eye-sight, prevents night blindness Milk, cheese, dark green vegetables, liver, cod liver oil, carrots, pumpkin, butter, papayas, mangoes

VITAMIN B1

Aids in promoting normal appetite & digestion. Maintains healthy nervous system and prevents irritability Meat, fish, poultry, eggs, cereal, marmite, green leafy vegetables, yeast, wheat-germ

VITAMIN B2

Aids in absorption of nutrients. Maintains healthy skin, tongue and lips Fish, poultry, eggs, milk, marmite, green leafy vegetables, liver, kidney

VITAMIN C

Maintains healthy bones, teeth & blook vessels. Aids in the development of tissue between cells. Promoted healing of wounds and broken bones Oranges, limes, grapefruits, lemons, green peppers, water-cress, spinach, chillies, cauliflower, tomatoes, melons, guavas, lettuce

VITAMIN D

Aids in strengthing of bones and teeth. Keep muscles supple Tuna, sardines, eggs, butter, margarine, sunlight, animal fats

VITAMIN E

Aids in the formation of red blood cells. Protects cell membranes from deterioration caused by the burning of fats Vegetable fats, corn oil, soya beans, peanuts, coconut, whole grain cereals

VITAMIN K

Helps blood to clot efficiently(not too much, not too little) Kale, spinach, dark green vegetables

Compiled from Nutrition and Food Science, UK

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Page last modified July 1998
Created and maintained by Margaret Theresa
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